What Waiguan does
Waiguan is a Triple Burner point on the forearm, two cun above the wrist. This page covers its position, its needling, its traditional actions, and the skin cases here that call on it.
Actions
- Expels Wind-Heat
- Removes Obstructions from the Channel
- Benefits the ears
Location
Two cun proximal to Yangchi, between the radius and ulna, in the joint space on the dorsum of the wrist.
How to find it
Find the wrist landmark, then follow the distance described in the location and feel for the depression; the spot is usually tender when pressed.
Deqi
De qi is a soreness and distension at the point that often runs down to the fingertips or up the arm to the elbow; needled through to PC-6, it can reach both the back and the palm side of the forearm.
A cun is a proportional body measurement, not a fixed length: one cun is about the width of the thumb at the knuckle, 1.5 cun about two finger widths, and 3 cun about the width of four fingers. On an average adult one cun is roughly one inch, but it scales with the person, which is why the texts measure in cun rather than centimetres.
Technique
Needling
Angle: 90 degrees, perpendicular Depth: Standard depth half a to one and a half cun. Direction: Needle in the direction the location describes.
Moxibustion
Moxibustion suits cold or deficient patterns, and is given in short sessions.
Skin uses
- Fever Mumps Ear pain Tinnitus Deafness Red eyes Eye pain Arm pain Headaches Dizziness Neck pain Stiff neck Elbow pain Wrist pain Ear itching Bloody nose Finger pain Hand tremor Sore throat Eye swelling Mouth ulcers Cracked lips Arm swelling Irritability Shoulder pain Arm paralysis Blurred vision Aversion to cold Tongue stiffness Elbow contraction Fingers stiffness Migraine headache Hypochondriac pain Swelling in the ears Bitter taste in the mouth Alternation of hot and cold feeling
Point classifications
| Classification | Value |
|---|---|
| Classical groups | Luo-Connecting Point |
Safety
Who should treat this point
Acupuncture and moxibustion are practitioner procedures. The material here is educational, not a self-treatment guide.
Caution
Nothing marks this point out as hazardous. Use standard care for the region and set the depth by the patient's build.
Deficiency and constitution
Where the patient is depleted, work the point gently and briefly.
Before treatment
Educational material only. Skin that is spreading, painful or blistering, or that comes with a fever, needs medical assessment.
Modern evidence and safety
General references for acupuncture safety and skin evidence. They are not specific to this point, and they are not a claim that needling it treats any condition.
- Acupuncture-related adverse events: systematic review and meta-analyses of prospective clinical studies. BMJ Open, 2021. PMID: 34489268.
- Acupuncture for atopic dermatitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Open, 2024. PMID: 39638592.
- Manual acupuncture for the treatment of chronic spontaneous urticaria: a systematic review and meta-analysis. International Journal of Surgery, 2025. PMID: 40696933.
- Acupuncture in Dermatology: An Update to a Systematic Review. Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine, 2021. PMID: 32955916.
Evidence note
Evidence for this entry is drawn from the classical and later materia medica record and traditional clinical use; it is not a prediction of benefit.
Common questions
What does Waiguan do in skin practice?
In this skin collection it appears where wind-heat sits on the surface and where the channel is blocked: fever with aversion to cold, a sore throat, red or painful eyes, a swollen face, mumps, ear pain with tinnitus or deafness, and pain through the arm, wrist, fingers or neck. It is always one part of a combination chosen for the pattern.
How is it needled?
Needled perpendicular at 90 degrees or obliquely at 45 degrees, to a standard depth of 0.5 to 1.5 cun. The response is a local distension and soreness that often runs down towards the fingertips or up the arm towards the elbow. Needled through to PC-6, the sensation can reach both the back and the palm side of the forearm.
Is it safe?
If the patient's hand or arm is moved after the needle is in place, the needle can bend, because the point lies between the radius and ulna. Needling straight into the extensor digitorum communis tendon is avoided, since it gives a sharp pain rather than a proper de qi response.